用于每日气候数据的 csv2bufr 模板 (CLIMAT)

CLIMAT 消息报告由天气和气候站的每日观测数据编制的每月气候摘要，用于支持气候监测、研究和存档。

CLIMAT 模板提供了一种标准化的 CSV 格式，用于生成符合序列 301150,307073 的 BUFR 格式的 CLIMAT 消息。

CSV 列及描述

Column	Units	Data Type	Description
wigos_identifier_series		int	WIGOS Identifier Series
wigos_issuer_of_identifier		int	WIGOS Issuer Of Identifier
wigos_issue_number		int	WIGOS Issue Number
wigos_local_identifier_character		char	WIGOS Local Identifier Character
block_number		int	WMO Blockl Number,
station_number		int	WMO Station Number,
station_or_site_name		char	Station name
station_type		int	Type of observing station, encoded using table 0 02 001 (i.e. 0 for AWSs)
year		int	Year(UTC), time of report creation
month		int	Month(UTC), time of report creation
day		int	Day(UTC), time of report creation
hour		int	Hour(UTC), time of report creation
minute		int	Minute(UTC), time of report creation
latitude	degrees	float	Latitude of the station up to 5 decimal places
longitude	degrees	float	Longitude of the station up to 5 decimal places
height_of_station	metres	float	Height of the station above mean sea level, up to 1 decimal place
height_of_barometer	metres	float	Height of the barometer above mean sea level, up to 1 decimal place
time_zone_offset		int	Offset between UTC and local time, UTC-LT
days_in_month		int	Number of days in the month of the report
mean_pressure	Pa	int	Monthly mean value for the observed pressure at station height, to the nearest 10 Pa
mean_pressure_sea_level	Pa	int	Monthly mean value for the observed pressure at sea level, to the nearest 10 Pa
standard_pressure_level	Pa	int	Standard pressure level to the nearest 10 Pa, leave empty if lowland station
geopotential_height	gpm	int	Geopotential height , leave empty if lowland station
height_of_sensor	metres	float	Height of barometer above local ground to 1 decimal place
air_temperature	K	float	Monthly mean value for the observed air temperature, up to 2 decimal places
method_for_extreme_temperatures		int	Method for observing extreme temperatures, table 0 02 051
daily_read_time_max_temp		int	Principal hour of reading maximum temperature daily
max_temperature_last_24h	K	float	Maximum temperature in the month, up to 2 decimal places
daily_read_time_min_temp		int	Principal hour of reading minimum temperature daily
min_temperature_last_24h	K	float	Minimum temperature in the month, up to 2 decimal places
vapour_pressure	Pa	int	Monthly mean value for the observed vapour pressure, up to the nearest 10 Pa
daily_mean_temp_deviation	K	float	Monthly standard deviation of daily mean temperature, up to 2 decimal places
days_missing_pressure		int	Amount of days in month where pressure was not collected
days_missing_mean_temperature		int	Amount of days in month where temperature was not collected
days_missing_vapour_pressure		int	Amount of days in month where vapour pressure was not collected
days_missing_max_temperature		int	Amount of days in month where maximum temperature was not collected
days_missing_min_temperature		int	Amount of days in month where minimum temperature was not collected
total_sunshine_hours		int	Montly daily mean amount of sunshine hours
total_sunshine_percent	%	int	Monthly mean of sunshine percent
days_missing_total_sunshine		int	Amount of days in month where sunshine was not collected
wind_over_10mps_days		int	Amount of days in month where mean wind speed exceeded 10 ms-1
wind_over_20mps_days		int	Amount of days in month where mean wind speed exceeded 20 ms-1
wind_over_30mps_days		int	Amount of days in month where mean wind speed exceeded 30 ms-1
max_temp_below_zero_days		int	Amount of days in month where maximum temperature stayed below 0 degrees celsius
max_temp_above_25_days		int	Amount of days in month where maximum temperature exceeded 25 degrees celsius
max_temp_above_30_days		int	Amount of days in month where maximum temperature exceeded 30 degrees celsius
max_temp_above_35_days		int	Amount of days in month where maximum temperature exceeded 35 degrees celsius
max_temp_above_40_days		int	Amount of days in month where maximum temperature exceeded 40 degrees celsius
min_temp_below_zero_days		int	Amount of days in month where minimum temperature stayed below 0 degrees celsius
snow_over_0cm_days		int	Amount of days in month where snow height exceeded 0cm
snow_over_1cm_days		int	Amount of days in month where snow height exceeded 1cm
snow_over_10cm_days		int	Amount of days in month where snow height exceeded 10cm
snow_over_50cm_days		int	Amount of days in month where snow height exceeded 50cm
horizontal_visibility_below_50m_days		int	Amount of days in month where horizontal visisbility stayed below 50m
horizontal_visibility_below_100m_days		int	Amount of days in month where horizontal visisbility stayed below 100m
horizontal_visibility_below_1000m_days		int	Amount of days in month where horizontal visisbility stayed below 1000m
hail_days		int	Amount of days in month with hail
storm_days		int	Amount of days in month with storm occurrence
height_of_temp_sensor	metres	float	Height of temperature sensor above local ground to 1 decimal place
highest_daily_mean_temperature _qualifier		int	Qualifier for the daily occurrence, 0 if only occurred once in the month, 1 if occurred 2 times or more
highest_daily_mean_temperature_day		int	Day of the month where the highest daily mean temperature was meassured
highest_daily_mean_temperature	K	float	Highest daily mean temperature in the month, up to 2 decimal places
lowest_daily_mean_temperature_qualifier		int	Qualifier for the daily occurrence, 0 if only occurred once in the month, 1 if occurred 2 times or more
lowest_daily_mean_temperature_day		int	Day of the month where the lowest daily mean temperature was meassured
lowest_daily_mean_temperature	K	float	Lowest daily mean temperature in the month, up to 2 decimal places
monthly_max_temperature_qualifier		int	Qualifier for the daily occurrence, 0 if only occurred once in the month, 1 if occurred 2 times or more
monthly_max_temperature_day		int	Day of the month where the maximum temperature was meassured
monthly_max_temperature	K	float	Maximum temperature in the month, up to 2 decimal places
monthly_min_temperature_qualifier		int	Qualifier for the daily occurrence, 0 if only occurred once in the month, 1 if occurred 2 times or more
monthly_min_temperature_day		int	Day of the month where the minimum temperature was meassured
monthly_min_temperature	K	float	Minimum temperature in the month, up to 2 decimal places
height_of_wind_sensor	metres	float	Height of anemometer above local ground to 1 decimal place
instrumentation_for_wind_measurement		int	Type of instrumentation for wind meassurement, table 0 02 002
maximum_instantaneous_wind_speed _qualifier		int	Qualifier for the daily occurrence, 0 if only occurred once in the month, 1 if occurred 2 times or more
maximum_instantaneous_wind_speed _day		int	Day of the month where the maximum instantenous wind speed was meassured
maximum_instantaneous_wind_speed	ms-1	float	Maximum instanteneous wind speed in the month, up to 1 decimal place
height_of_rain_sensor	metres	float	Height of pluviometer above local ground to 1 decimal place
total_accumulated_precipitation	kg m-2	float	Monthly total accumulated precipitation
frequency_group_precipitation		int	Precipitation frequency group, table 0 13 051
days_with_precipitation_above_1mm		int	Amount of days in month where precipitation exceeded 1mm
total_missing_days_with_respect_to _accumulation_or_average_precipitation		int	Total misssing days for the monthly precipitation accumulation
rain_above_1kgpsm_days		int	Amount of days in month where precipitation exceeded 1 kgm-2
rain_above_5kgpsm_days		int	Amount of days in month where precipitation exceeded 5 kgm-2
rain_above_10kgpsm_days		int	Amount of days in month where precipitation exceeded 10 kgm-2
rain_above_50kgpsm_days		int	Amount of days in month where precipitation exceeded 50 kgm-2
rain_above_100kgpsm_days		int	Amount of days in month where precipitation exceeded 100 kgm-2
rain_above_150kgpsm_days		int	Amount of days in month where precipitation exceeded 150 kgm-2
highest_daily_amount_of_precipitation _qualifier		int	Qualifier for the daily occurrence, 0 if only occurred once in the month, 1 if occurred 2 times or more
highest_daily_amount_of_precipitation _day		int	Day of the month with the highest amount of precipitation meassured
highest_daily_amount_of_precipitation	kg m-2	float	Highest daily amount of precipitation in the month, up to 1 decimal place
starting_reference_period_year		int	Beginning year of the reference period
ending_reference_period_year		int	Ending year of the reference period
normal_mean_pressure	Pa	int	Nomal monthly mean pressure, up to the nearest 10 Pa
normal_mean_pressure_sea_level	Pa	int	Nomal monthly mean sea level pressure, up to the nearest 10 Pa
normal_standard_pressure_level	Pa	int	Nomal monthly mean standard pressure, up to the nearest 10 Pa, leave empty of lowland station
normal_geopotential_height_of_pressure_level	gpm	int	Nomal geopotential height, leave empty of lowland station
normal_air_temperature	K	float	Nomal monthly mean air temperature, up to 2 decimal places
normal_max_temperature_last_24h	K	float	Nomal monthly maximum temperature, up to 2 decimal places
normal_min_temperature_last_24h	K	float	Nomal monthly minimum temperature, up to 2 decimal places
normal_vapour_pressure	Pa	int	Nomal monthly mean vapour pressure, up to the nearest 10Pa
normal_daily_mean_temp_deviation	K	float	Nomal monthly mean temperature deviation, up to 2 decimal places
normal_total_sunshine		int	Normal montly daily mean amount of sunshine hours
rain_starting_reference_period_year		int	Beginning year of the reference period for precipitation
rain_ending_reference_period_year		int	Ending year of the reference period for precipitation
normal_total_accumulated_precipitation	kg m-2	float	Normal monthly total accumulated precipitation
normal_days_with_precipitation_above _1mm		int	Normal amount of days in month where precipitation exceeded 1mm
normal_pressure_missing_years		int	Amount of years in reference period where pressure was not collected
normal_temperature_missing_years		int	Amount of years in reference period where temperature was not collected
normal_extreme_temperature_missing _years		int	Amount of years in reference period where extreme temperatures were not collected
normal_vapour_pressure_missing_years		int	Amount of years in reference period where vapour pressure was not collected
normal_rain_missing_years		int	Amount of years in reference period where precipitation was not collected
normal_sunshine_duration_missing_years		int	Amount of years in reference period where sunshine duration was not collected
normal_max_temperature_missing_years		int	Amount of years in reference period where maximum temperature was not collected
normal_min_temperature_missing_years		int	Amount of years in reference period where minimum temperature was not collected

示例

符合 CLIMAT 模板的示例 CSV 文件：climat-example.csv。